ABNewswire – Press Release Distribution Service – Paid Press Release Distribution Newswire
CAR-T Cell Research Has Promoted the Probe of Leukemia and Lymphoma
CAR-T is a fresh type of cancer immunotherapy, which extracts immune cells with the potential to attack cancer from the patient, and makes them have the «eyes» targeting cancer cells through in vitro transformation, and then transfuses back into the patient to identify and kill tumor cells carrying targets specifically.
B cell is a kind of immune cell in the human figure to help stand against outward infection. When it embarks to fall under malignant transformation for disordered proliferation in vivo, it becomes B cell leukemia. Fortunately, B cell s have a class of specific identification that all other organizations do not express: CD19 (a kind of antigen protein voicing on a multitude of hematologic malignancies cell surface, including B cell lymphoma and leukemia cells), which provides an ideal target for the treatment of CAR-T.
In a few cases before, there had achieved remarkable curative effect that the existing treatments are not response of patients with advanced cancer. In 2016, on the American Society Hematology annual meeting, Novartis, Juno and Kite, three CAR-T treatment leaders, reported the latest treatment results of clinical trials of targeted CD19 CAR-T. Gratefully, more patients reproduce those early inspiring results:
In the experiment of Novartis and Juno, almost 90% of the patients` leukemic cells were almost totally liquidated. Clinical trials of Kite company also achieved accomplish remission in 60%. The very first beneficiary from this kind of therapy were already living without disease for more than three years.
In March, 2017, Kite Pharma issued the clinical trial results about CD19 targeting CAR-T cells for relapsed and refractory non Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL).
In this examine, after twenty two patients with relapsed/refractory NHL received Flu/Cy conditioning regimen in low dose, then they received a single dose of anti CD19 CAR-T cells therapy. Sixteen (73%) of twenty two patients achieved objective response (OR), twelve (55%) reached accomplish remission (CR).
In all patients with invasive B cells NHL (diffuse large B cell lymphoma, primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma, transformed follicular lymphoma), the final OR and CR ratio were 68% and 47%. The follow-up after treatment of 7-24 months found that in twelve of the patients who achieved CR, eleven patients were still in continuous CR state. Twelve patients (55%) had 3-4 reversible neurotoxicity symptoms, including confusion, dysphagia, encephalopathy and ataxia.
How does CAR-T meet greater challenges
For CART-19 clinical results, whether from foreign or domestic, the recurrence of the problem was unavoidable. There were many reasons for recurrence, tumor antigen loss, persistent CAR-T or the source of scFv. But we found that CAR-T cells in vivo constancy and clinical response had a direct correlation.
For the time being, CAR-T’s strengths are concentrated at two points:
The attack on the target is very specific;
Cancer cells with targets can be entirely liquidated in the long-term.
But the more widely applications from CAR-T are limited precisely by the two characteristics of their own:
Because of the heterogeneity of the tumor, it is difficult to find a widely voiced target like CD19 in most other cancers, so even with CAR-T, it is difficult to eliminate the cancer cargo effectively;
Many so-called cancer specific targets, in fact, are also voiced in varying degrees by normal tissues, so the use of CAR-T for attacks may cause negligible side effects on normal human tissues.
Creative Biolabs has built itself CellRapeutics™ CAR platform for Leukemia and Lymphoma therapy.
Contact Person: Bella Smith